CVE-2008-1447

unknown

Published — · Modified —

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CVSS v3

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CVSS v4 NEW

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not yet in upstream

VIR risk

1.0

Description

The DNS protocol, as implemented in (1) BIND 8 and 9 before 9.5.0-P1, 9.4.2-P1, and 9.3.5-P1; (2) Microsoft DNS in Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, and Server 2003 SP1 and SP2; and other implementations allow remote attackers to spoof DNS traffic via a birthday attack that uses in-bailiwick referrals to conduct cache poisoning against recursive resolvers, related to insufficient randomness of DNS transaction IDs and source ports, aka "DNS Insufficient Socket Entropy Vulnerability" or "the Kaminsky bug."

Predictions

Exploit likelihood

55%

Patch ETA

—

Heuristic predictions, AS-IS, for prioritization only.

Mitigations

Mitigation details

Source: Debian Security Tracker · View original ↗ · DFSG

CVE-2008-1447 NameCVE-2008-1447 DescriptionThe DNS protocol, as implemented in (1) BIND 8 and 9 before 9.5.0-P1, 9.4.2-P1, and 9.3.5-P1; (2) Microsoft DNS in Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, and Server 2003 SP1 and SP2; and other implementations allow remote attackers to spoof DNS traffic via a birthday attack that uses in-bailiwick referrals to conduct cache poisoning against recursive…

CVE-2008-1447

Name	CVE-2008-1447
Description	The DNS protocol, as implemented in (1) BIND 8 and 9 before 9.5.0-P1, 9.4.2-P1, and 9.3.5-P1; (2) Microsoft DNS in Windows 2000 SP4, XP SP2 and SP3, and Server 2003 SP1 and SP2; and other implementations allow remote attackers to spoof DNS traffic via a birthday attack that uses in-bailiwick referrals to conduct cache poisoning against recursive resolvers, related to insufficient randomness of DNS transaction IDs and source ports, aka "DNS Insufficient Socket Entropy Vulnerability" or "the Kaminsky bug."
Source	CVE (at NVD; CERT, ENISA, LWN, oss-sec, fulldisc, Debian ELTS, Red Hat, Ubuntu, Gentoo, SUSE bugzilla/CVE, GitHub advisories/code/issues, web search, more)
References	DSA-1603-1, DSA-1604-1, DSA-1605-1, DSA-1617-1, DSA-1619-1, DSA-1623-1, DTSA-147-1
Debian Bugs	490123, 490217, 492465, 492698, 492700, 493599, 502275

Vulnerable and fixed packages

The table below lists information on source packages.

Source Package	Release	Version	Status
adns (PTS)	bookworm, bullseye	1.6.0-2	fixed
	trixie	1.6.1-1	fixed
	forky, sid	1.6.2-3	fixed
bind9 (PTS)	bullseye	1:9.16.50-1~deb11u2	fixed
	bullseye (security)	1:9.16.50-1~deb11u5	fixed
	bookworm	1:9.18.47-1~deb12u1	fixed
	bookworm (security)	1:9.18.49-1~deb12u1	fixed
	trixie	1:9.20.21-1~deb13u1	fixed
	trixie (security)	1:9.20.23-1~deb13u1	fixed
	forky, sid	1:9.20.23-1	fixed
dnsmasq (PTS)	bullseye	2.85-1	fixed
	bullseye (security)	2.85-1+deb11u1	fixed
	bookworm, bookworm (security)	2.90-4~deb12u2	fixed
	trixie (security), trixie	2.91-1+deb13u1	fixed
	forky, sid	2.92-5	fixed
dnspython (PTS)	bullseye	2.0.0-1	fixed
	bookworm	2.3.0-1	fixed
	trixie	2.7.0-1	fixed
	forky, sid	2.8.0-3	fixed
libnet-dns-perl (PTS)	bullseye	1.29-1	fixed
	bookworm	1.36-1	fixed
	trixie	1.50-1	fixed
	forky, sid	1.54-1	fixed
refpolicy (PTS)	bullseye	2:2.20210203-7	fixed
	bookworm	2:2.20221101-9	fixed
	trixie	2:2.20250213-10	fixed
	forky, sid	2:2.20250213-13	fixed
udns (PTS)	bookworm, bullseye	0.4-1	fixed
	forky, sid, trixie	0.6-1	fixed

The information below is based on the following data on fixed versions.

Package	Type	Release	Fixed Version	Urgency	Origin	Debian Bugs
adns	source	(unstable)	1.4-2	unimportant		492698
bind9	source	etch	1:9.3.4-2etch3		DSA-1603-1
bind9	source	lenny	1:9.4.2-10+lenny1		DTSA-147-1
bind9	source	(unstable)	1:9.5.0.dfsg-5	high
dnsmasq	source	etch	2.35-1+etch4		DSA-1623-1
dnsmasq	source	(unstable)	2.43-1	medium		490123
dnspython	source	(unstable)	1.7.1-1	unimportant		492465
libnet-dns-perl	source	(unstable)	0.63-2	low		492700
pdnsd	source	(unstable)	1.2.6-par-11			502275
python-dns	source	etch	2.3.0-5.2+etch1		DSA-1619-1
python-dns	source	(unstable)	2.3.1-5	low		490217
refpolicy	source	etch	0.0.20061018-5.1+etch1		DSA-1617-1
refpolicy	source	(unstable)	2:0.0.20080702-1
ruby1.9	source	(unstable)	1.9.0.2-6	low
udns	source	(unstable)	0.2-1			493599

Notes

glibc stub resolver relies on source port randomisation in kernel
Just a stub resolver Linux kernel provides source port randomisation
adns is not suitable to use with untrusted responses, documented in README.Debian
Source port randomization from Lenny kernel should provide sufficient protection
since this is just a Perl nodule for DNS queries and not a high-profile server app like
Bind, it's unlikely that a home-grown fix will provide an implementation of higher
cryptographical quality. Marking the version from Lenny as fixed, since Lenny includes
a kernel which provides source port randomization
Unbound, djbdns, pdnsd and PowerDNS are affected by the underlying protocol issue, but
already use source port randomization.
Marking non-caching stub resolvers as low since these really should be fixed,
but are much less vulnerable than a caching server.

Home - Debian Security - Source (Git)

Apply commands

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Notes

glibc stub resolver relies on source port randomisation in kernelJust a stub resolver Linux kernel provides source port randomisationadns is not suitable to use with untrusted responses, documented in README.DebianSource port randomization from Lenny kernel should provide sufficient protectionsince this is just a Perl nodule for DNS queries and not a high-profile server app likeBind, it's unlikely that a home-grown fix will provide an implementation of highercryptographical quality. Marking the version from Lenny as fixed, since Lenny includesa kernel which provides source port randomizationUnbound, djbdns, pdnsd and PowerDNS are affected by the underlying protocol issue, butalready use source port randomization.Marking non-caching stub resolvers as low since these really should be fixed,but are much less vulnerable than a caching server.

Exploits

Public proof-of-concept code below. AS-IS, for defenders and authorised testing only.

Exploit-DB

EDB-6122 remote multiple verified

I)ruid · 2008-07-23

BIND 9.4.1 < 9.4.2 - Remote DNS Cache Poisoning (Metasploit)

Source code queued for fetch — refresh in a moment.

EDB-6130 remote multiple verified

Marc Bevand · 2008-07-25

BIND 9.x - Remote DNS Cache Poisoning

Source code queued for fetch — refresh in a moment.

EDB-6123 remote multiple verified

Julien Desfossez · 2008-07-24

BIND 9.x - Remote DNS Cache Poisoning

Source code queued for fetch — refresh in a moment.

Metasploit modules

auxiliary_spoof/dns/bailiwicked_domain rank 300

DNS BailiWicked Domain Attack

Source fetch failed: fetch_error — view the original via the link above.

auxiliary_spoof/dns/bailiwicked_host rank 300

DNS BailiWicked Host Attack

Source fetch failed: fetch_error — view the original via the link above.

OS impact

Debian Fixed 5 releases

Version	Status	Fixed in
trixie	Fixed	`1.4-2`
sid	Fixed	`1.4-2`
forky	Fixed	`1.4-2`
bullseye	Fixed	`1.4-2`
bookworm	Fixed	`1.4-2`

References

https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2008-1447

Community-verified mitigations for this CVE will appear above when contributors publish them.

Verify integrity in audit chain (admin only). AS-IS.