CVE-2025-1686

medium

Published 2025-02-27 · Modified 2026-06-05

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CVSS v3

4.9

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS v4 NEW

4.8

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

VIR risk

4.9

Description

Versions of the package io.pebbletemplates:pebble from 0 and before 4.1.0 are vulnerable to External Control of File Name or Path via the include tag. A high privileged attacker can access sensitive local files by crafting malicious notification templates that leverage this tag to include files like /etc/passwd or /proc/1/environ. Workaround This vulnerability can be mitigated by disabling the include macro in Pebble Templates: java new PebbleEngine.Builder() .registerExtensionCustomizer(new DisallowExtensionCustomizerBuilder() .disallowedTokenParserTags(List.of("include")) .build()) .build();

Predictions

Exploit likelihood

59%

Patch ETA

—

Heuristic predictions, AS-IS, for prioritization only.

Mitigations

No mitigations published for this CVE yet.

The vendor-content worker queues fetches as references arrive (check back in a few minutes). Or — if you've already worked around this in production — publish your fix to the community-verified tier.

✚ Propose a mitigation on Community → Mitigations published via the community go through AI scoring + 2 human reviewers + 7-day silent objection window before landing here with source_tier=community-verified.

Package impact

Ecosystem	Package	Vulnerable	Fixed
Maven	io.pebbletemplates:pebble	`<=3.2.3`

Application impact

Vendor	Product	Versions	Fixed
pebbletemplates	pebble
pebbletemplates	pebble_templates	`{"endExcluding":"4.1.0"}`	`4.1.0`

References

CWEs

CWE-73

Community-verified mitigations for this CVE will appear above when contributors publish them.

Verify integrity in audit chain (admin only). AS-IS.