CVE-2025-31651
Description
Improper Neutralization of Escape, Meta, or Control Sequences vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. For a subset of unlikely rewrite rule configurations, it was possible for a specially crafted request to bypass some rewrite rules. If those rewrite rules effectively enforced security constraints, those constraints could be bypassed. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.5, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.39, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.102. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version [FIXED_VERSION], which fixes the issue.
Predictions
Heuristic predictions, AS-IS, for prioritization only.
Mitigations
No mitigations published for this CVE yet.
The vendor-content worker queues fetches as references arrive (check back in a few minutes). Or — if you've already worked around this in production — publish your fix to the community-verified tier.
✚ Propose a mitigation on Community → Mitigations published via the community go through AI scoring + 2 human reviewers + 7-day silent objection window before landing here withsource_tier=community-verified.
OS impact
SUSE Affected 1 release
| Version | Status | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| — | Affected | — |
Debian Fixed 5 releases
| Version | Status | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| trixie | Fixed | 10.1.40-1 |
| sid | Fixed | 10.1.40-1 |
| forky | Fixed | 10.1.40-1 |
| bullseye | Fixed | 9.0.107-0+deb11u1 |
| bookworm | Fixed | 10.1.40-1 |
Red Hat Fixed 2 releases
| Version | Status | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| 9 | Fixed | — |
| 8 | Fixed | — |
Rocky Linux Fixed 2 releases
| Version | Status | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| 9 | Fixed | — |
| 8 | Fixed | — |
Package impact
| Ecosystem | Package | Vulnerable | Fixed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Maven | org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina | >=9.0.76,<9.0.104 | 9.0.104 |
| Maven | org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina | >=10.1.10,<10.1.40 | 10.1.40 |
| Maven | org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina | >=11.0.0-M2,<11.0.6 | 11.0.6 |
| Maven | org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core | >=9.0.76,<9.0.104 | 9.0.104 |
| Maven | org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core | >=10.1.10,<10.1.40 | 10.1.40 |
| Maven | org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core | >=11.0.0-M2,<11.0.6 | 11.0.6 |
| Maven | org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalina | >=8.5.0,<=8.5.100 | |
| Maven | org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core | >=8.5.0,<=8.5.100 | |
References
- https://errata.rockylinux.org/RLSA-2025:23048
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23049
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31651
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/066bf6b6a15a4e7e0941d4acf096841165b97098
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/175dc75fc428930034a6c93fb52f830d955d8e64
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/ee3ab548e92345eca0cbd1f01649eb36c6f29454
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat/commit/fbecc915a10c5a3d634c5e2c6ced4ff479ce9953
- https://github.com/apache/tomcat
- https://lists.apache.org/list.html?announce@tomcat.apache.org
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/07/msg00009.html
- https://tomcat.apache.org/security-10.html
- https://tomcat.apache.org/security-11.html
- https://tomcat.apache.org/security-9.html
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/28/3
- https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-31651.html
- https://errata.rockylinux.org/RLSA-2025:23049
- https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-31651
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23048
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2362782
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/2406591
- https://errata.almalinux.org/8/ALSA-2025-23048.html
- https://errata.almalinux.org/9/ALSA-2025-23049.html
Community-verified mitigations for this CVE will appear above when contributors publish them.
Verify integrity in audit chain (admin only). AS-IS.