CVEs from 2018
Total
2,860
critical
critical 238
high
high 331
medium
medium 263
low
low 39
% Critical
8.3%
% with KEV
3.1%
% with exploit
9.1%
Top vendors
- intel 1,561
- schneider-electric 43
- siemens 42
- rockwellautomation 16
- echelon 15
- redhat 12
- oracle 9
- arm 9
Top products
- core_i7 379
- core_i5 375
- core_i3 242
- xeon_e5 82
- xeon_e7 62
- xeon_e3 58
- xeon_gold 33
- atom_z 30
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | Risk | Flags | OS | Vendor | Published | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2018-25422 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | MOGG web simulator Script contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL commands by injecting malicious code through the id parameter. Attacke… | |||
| CVE-2018-25420 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | AiOPMSD Final 1.0.0 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the 'id' parameter. Attackers ca… | |||
| CVE-2018-25419 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | AiOPMSD Final 1.0.0 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the genre parameter. Attackers c… | |||
| CVE-2018-25418 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | AiOPMSD Final 1.0.0 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the year parameter. Attackers ca… | |||
| CVE-2018-25417 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | AiOPMSD Final 1.0.0 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the quality parameter. Attackers… | |||
| CVE-2018-25416 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | AiOPMSD Final 1.0.0 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the country parameter. Attackers… | |||
| CVE-2018-25415 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | AiOPMSD Final 1.0.0 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the director parameter. Attacker… | |||
| CVE-2018-25414 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | AiOPMSD Final 1.0.0 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the actor parameter. Attackers c… | |||
| CVE-2018-25413 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | AiOPMSD Final 1.0.0 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the 'q' parameter. Attackers can… | |||
| CVE-2018-25411 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | MGB OpenSource Guestbook 0.7.0.2 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the 'id' parameter.… | |||
| CVE-2018-25407 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | eNdonesia Portal 8.7 contains multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities that allow unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through parameters in mod.php. A… | |||
| CVE-2018-25406 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | eNdonesia Portal 8.7 contains multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities that allow unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through parameters in mod.php. A… | |||
| CVE-2018-25405 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 6d ago | eNdonesia Portal 8.7 contains multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities that allow unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through parameters in mod.php. A… | |||
| CVE-2018-25404 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | The Open ISES Project 3.30A contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the ticket_id parameter.… | |||
| CVE-2018-25403 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | The Open ISES Project 3.30A contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the p1 parameter. Attack… | |||
| CVE-2018-25402 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | The Open ISES Project 3.30A contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the p1 parameter. Attack… | |||
| CVE-2018-25401 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | The Open ISES Project 3.30A contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the p1 parameter. Attack… | |||
| CVE-2018-25400 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | The Open ISES Project 3.30A contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the 'id' parameter. Atta… | |||
| CVE-2018-25399 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | The Open ISES Project 3.30A contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the tick_lat and tick_ln… | |||
| CVE-2018-25398 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | The Open ISES Project 3.30A contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the frm_passwd parameter… | |||
| CVE-2018-25395 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | Kados R10 GreenBee contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the feature_id parameter of board… | |||
| CVE-2018-25394 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | Kados R10 GreenBee contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the release_id parameter of board… | |||
| CVE-2018-25390 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | HaPe PKH 1.1 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to manipulate database queries by injecting SQL code through the 'desa' POST parameter sent to lap-peserta-p… | |||
| CVE-2018-25389 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | HaPe PKH 1.1 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to manipulate database queries by injecting SQL code through the 'nama_kelompok' POST parameter sent to lap-… | |||
| CVE-2018-25386 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | HaPe PKH 1.1 contains multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities in admin/media.php that allow attackers to manipulate database queries by injecting SQL code through the 'id' parameter. An unauthenticate… | |||
| CVE-2018-25385 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | E-Registrasi Pencak Silat 18.10 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the id_partai parame… | |||
| CVE-2018-25382 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 7d ago | Zechat 1.5 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to extract database information by injecting SQL code through the uname parameter. Attackers can send crafted … | |||
| CVE-2018-25372 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 11d ago | MedDream PACS Server Premium 6.7.1.1 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the email param… | |||
| CVE-2018-25371 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 11d ago | mooSocial Store Plugin 2.6 contains a blind SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to manipulate database queries through the product parameter in URL rewrite functionality… | |||
| CVE-2018-25364 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 11d ago | Twitter-Clone 1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the name parameter. Attackers can sub… | |||
| CVE-2018-25362 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 11d ago | Twitter-Clone 1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in follow.php that allows attackers to manipulate database queries by injecting SQL code through the userid parameter. Attackers can submit unio… | |||
| CVE-2018-25379 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 11d ago | Collectric CMU 1.0 contains a boolean-based blind SQL injection vulnerability in the lang parameter that allows unauthenticated attackers to manipulate database queries during authentication. Attacke… | |||
| CVE-2018-25351 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 13d ago | Joomla! Component EkRishta 2.10 contains an error-based SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code into the usernam… | |||
| CVE-2018-25348 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 13d ago | Joomla! Component Ek Rishta 2.10 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to manipulate database queries by injecting SQL code through the cid parameter. Attacker… | |||
| CVE-2018-25342 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 13d ago | Smartshop 1 contains a time-based blind SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to manipulate database queries by injecting SQL code through the 'searched' parameter in sear… | |||
| CVE-2018-25341 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 13d ago | Smartshop 1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the id parameter. Attackers can send GET … | |||
| CVE-2018-25340 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 13d ago | Smartshop 1 contains a SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the id parameter. Attackers can send GET … | |||
| CVE-2018-25339 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 19d ago | Zechat 1.5 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the v parameter that allows unauthenticated attackers to extract database information using time-based blind techniques. Attackers can exploit the… | |||
| CVE-2018-25338 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 19d ago | Zechat 1.5 contains a SQL injection vulnerability in the hashtag parameter that allows unauthenticated attackers to extract database information using union-based techniques. Attackers can exploit th… | |||
| CVE-2018-25333 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 19d ago | Nordex N149/4.0-4.5 Wind Turbine Web Server 4.0 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the … | |||
| CVE-2018-25330 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 19d ago | Joomla! extension EkRishta 2.10 contains persistent cross-site scripting and SQL injection vulnerabilities that allow attackers to inject malicious code through profile fields and POST parameters. At… | |||
| CVE-2018-25300 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 1mo ago | XATABoost CMS 1.0.0 contains a union-based SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to manipulate database queries by injecting SQL code through the id parameter. Attackers c… | |||
| CVE-2018-25206 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 2mo ago | KomSeo Cart 1.3 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows attackers to inject SQL commands through the 'my_item_search' parameter in edit.php. Attackers can submit POST requests with malici… | |||
| CVE-2018-25203 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 2mo ago | Online Store System CMS 1.0 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to manipulate database queries by injecting SQL code through the email parameter. Attackers c… | |||
| CVE-2018-7798 | high | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8y ago | A Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity (CWE-345) vulnerability exists in the Modicon M221, all versions, which could cause a change of IPv4 configuration (IP address, mask and gateway) when… | |||
| CVE-2018-14055 | high | — | 8.0 | — | ZNC before 1.7.1-rc1 does not properly validate untrusted lines coming from the network, allowing a non-admin user to escalate his privilege and inject rogue values into znc.conf. | |||
| CVE-2018-16851 | high | — | 8.0 | — | Samba from version 4.0.0 and before versions 4.7.12, 4.8.7, 4.9.3 is vulnerable to a denial of service. During the processing of an LDAP search before Samba's AD DC returns the LDAP entries to the cl… | |||
| CVE-2018-18661 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in LibTIFF 4.0.9. There is a NULL pointer dereference in the function LZWDecode in the file tif_lzw.c. | |||
| CVE-2018-16857 | high | — | 8.0 | — | Samba from version 4.9.0 and before version 4.9.3 that have AD DC configurations watching for bad passwords (to restrict brute forcing of passwords) in a window of more than 3 minutes may not watch f… | |||
| CVE-2018-11210 | high | — | 8.0 | — | TinyXML2 6.2.0 has a heap-based buffer over-read in the XMLDocument::Parse function in libtinyxml2.so. NOTE: The tinyxml2 developers have determined that the reported overflow is due to improper use … | |||
| CVE-2018-7170 | high | — | 8.0 | — | ntpd in ntp 4.2.x before 4.2.8p7 and 4.3.x before 4.3.92 allows authenticated users that know the private symmetric key to create arbitrarily-many ephemeral associations in order to win the clock sel… | |||
| CVE-2018-18644 | high | — | 8.0 | — | multiple issues in gitlab | |||
| CVE-2018-16841 | high | — | 8.0 | — | Samba from version 4.3.0 and before versions 4.7.12, 4.8.7 and 4.9.3 are vulnerable to a denial of service. When configured to accept smart-card authentication, Samba's KDC will call talloc_free() tw… | |||
| CVE-2018-19931 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils through 2.31. There is a heap-based buffer overflow in bfd_elf32_swap_phdr_in in elfco… | |||
| CVE-2018-11803 | high | — | 8.0 | — | Subversion's mod_dav_svn Apache HTTPD module versions 1.11.0 and 1.10.0 to 1.10.3 will crash after dereferencing an uninitialized pointer if the client omits the root path in a recursive directory li… | |||
| CVE-2018-19039 | high | — | 8.0 | — | arbitrary filesystem access in grafana | |||
| CVE-2018-7185 | high | — | 8.0 | — | The protocol engine in ntp 4.2.6 before 4.2.8p11 allows a remote attackers to cause a denial of service (disruption) by continually sending a packet with a zero-origin timestamp and source IP address… | |||
| CVE-2018-14526 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in rsn_supp/wpa.c in wpa_supplicant 2.0 through 2.6. Under certain conditions, the integrity of EAPOL-Key messages is not checked, leading to a decryption oracle. An attacker … | |||
| CVE-2018-5732 | high | — | 8.0 | — | Failure to properly bounds-check a buffer used for processing DHCP options allows a malicious server (or an entity masquerading as a server) to cause a buffer overflow (and resulting crash) in dhclie… | |||
| CVE-2018-14356 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in Mutt before 1.10.1 and NeoMutt before 2018-07-16. pop.c mishandles a zero-length UID. | |||
| CVE-2018-7456 | high | — | 8.0 | — | A NULL Pointer Dereference occurs in the function TIFFPrintDirectory in tif_print.c in LibTIFF 3.9.3, 3.9.4, 3.9.5, 3.9.6, 3.9.7, 4.0.0alpha4, 4.0.0alpha5, 4.0.0alpha6, 4.0.0beta7, 4.0.0, 4.0.1, 4.0.… | |||
| CVE-2018-8791 | high | — | 8.0 | — | rdesktop versions up to and including v1.8.3 contain an Out-Of-Bounds Read in function rdpdr_process() that results in an information leak. | |||
| CVE-2018-20178 | high | — | 8.0 | — | rdesktop versions up to and including v1.8.3 contain an Out-Of-Bounds Read in the function process_demand_active() that results in a Denial of Service (segfault). | |||
| CVE-2018-14351 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in Mutt before 1.10.1 and NeoMutt before 2018-07-16. imap/command.c mishandles a long IMAP status mailbox literal count size. | |||
| CVE-2018-7053 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in Irssi before 1.0.7 and 1.1.x before 1.1.1. There is a use-after-free when SASL messages are received in an unexpected order. | |||
| CVE-2018-18647 | high | — | 8.0 | — | multiple issues in gitlab | |||
| CVE-2018-0500 | high | — | 8.0 | — | Curl_smtp_escape_eob in lib/smtp.c in curl 7.54.1 to and including curl 7.60.0 has a heap-based buffer overflow that might be exploitable by an attacker who can control the data that curl transmits o… | |||
| CVE-2018-16852 | high | — | 8.0 | — | Samba from version 4.9.0 and before version 4.9.3 is vulnerable to a NULL pointer de-reference. During the processing of an DNS zone in the DNS management DCE/RPC server, the internal DNS server or t… | |||
| CVE-2018-20199 | high | — | 8.0 | — | A NULL pointer dereference was discovered in ifilter_bank of libfaad/filtbank.c in Freeware Advanced Audio Decoder 2 (FAAD2) 2.8.8. The vulnerability causes a segmentation fault and application crash… | |||
| CVE-2018-7409 | high | — | 8.0 | — | In unixODBC before 2.3.5, there is a buffer overflow in the unicode_to_ansi_copy() function in DriverManager/__info.c. | |||
| CVE-2018-16151 | high | — | 8.0 | — | In verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c in the gmp plugin in strongSwan 4.x and 5.x before 5.7.0, the RSA implementation based on GMP does not reject excess data after the encoded al… | |||
| CVE-2018-14352 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in Mutt before 1.10.1 and NeoMutt before 2018-07-16. imap_quote_string in imap/util.c does not leave room for quote characters, leading to a stack-based buffer overflow. | |||
| CVE-2018-5744 | high | — | 8.0 | — | A failure to free memory can occur when processing messages having a specific combination of EDNS options. Versions affected are: BIND 9.10.7 -> 9.10.8-P1, 9.11.3 -> 9.11.5-P1, 9.12.0 -> 9.12.3-P1, a… | |||
| CVE-2018-6148 | high | — | 8.0 | — | access restriction bypass in chromium | |||
| CVE-2018-16842 | high | — | 8.0 | — | Curl versions 7.14.1 through 7.61.1 are vulnerable to a heap-based buffer over-read in the tool_msgs.c:voutf() function that may result in information exposure and denial of service. | |||
| CVE-2018-18066 | high | — | 8.0 | — | snmp_oid_compare in snmplib/snmp_api.c in Net-SNMP before 5.8 has a NULL Pointer Exception bug that can be used by an unauthenticated attacker to remotely cause the instance to crash via a crafted UD… | |||
| CVE-2018-6149 | high | — | 8.0 | — | arbitrary code execution in chromium | |||
| CVE-2018-17407 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in t1_check_unusual_charstring functions in writet1.c files in TeX Live before 2018-09-21. A buffer overflow in the handling of Type 1 fonts allows arbitrary code execution wh… | |||
| CVE-2018-20360 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An invalid memory address dereference was discovered in the sbr_process_channel function of libfaad/sbr_dec.c in Freeware Advanced Audio Decoder 2 (FAAD2) 2.8.8. The vulnerability causes a segmentati… | |||
| CVE-2018-10857 | high | — | 8.0 | — | git-annex is vulnerable to a private data exposure and exfiltration attack. It could expose the content of files located outside the git-annex repository, or content from a private web server on loca… | |||
| CVE-2018-7054 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in Irssi before 1.0.7 and 1.1.x before 1.1.1. There is a use-after-free when a server is disconnected during netsplits. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix fo… | |||
| CVE-2018-14353 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in Mutt before 1.10.1 and NeoMutt before 2018-07-16. imap_quote_string in imap/util.c has an integer underflow. | |||
| CVE-2018-14361 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in NeoMutt before 2018-07-16. nntp.c proceeds even if memory allocation fails for messages data. | |||
| CVE-2018-6791 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in soliduiserver/deviceserviceaction.cpp in KDE Plasma Workspace before 5.12.0. When a vfat thumbdrive that contains `` or $() in its volume label is plugged in and mounted th… | |||
| CVE-2018-5784 | high | — | 8.0 | — | In LibTIFF 4.0.9, there is an uncontrolled resource consumption in the TIFFSetDirectory function of tif_dir.c. Remote attackers could leverage this vulnerability to cause a denial of service via a cr… | |||
| CVE-2018-14056 | high | — | 8.0 | — | ZNC before 1.7.1-rc1 is prone to a path traversal flaw via ../ in a web skin name to access files outside of the intended skins directories. | |||
| CVE-2018-1999023 | high | — | 8.0 | — | The Battle for Wesnoth Project version 1.7.0 through 1.14.3 contains a Code Injection vulnerability in the Lua scripting engine that can result in code execution outside the sandbox. This attack appe… | |||
| CVE-2018-8905 | high | — | 8.0 | — | In LibTIFF 4.0.9, a heap-based buffer overflow occurs in the function LZWDecodeCompat in tif_lzw.c via a crafted TIFF file, as demonstrated by tiff2ps. | |||
| CVE-2018-8798 | high | — | 8.0 | — | rdesktop versions up to and including v1.8.3 contain an Out-Of-Bounds Read in function rdpsnd_process_ping() that results in an information leak. | |||
| CVE-2018-18226 | high | — | 8.0 | — | In Wireshark 2.6.0 to 2.6.3, the Steam IHS Discovery dissector could consume system memory. This was addressed in epan/dissectors/packet-steam-ihs-discovery.c by changing the memory-management approa… | |||
| CVE-2018-18843 | high | — | 8.0 | — | multiple issues in gitlab | |||
| CVE-2018-11384 | high | — | 8.0 | — | The sh_op() function in radare2 2.5.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a crafted ELF file. | |||
| CVE-2018-18642 | high | — | 8.0 | — | multiple issues in gitlab | |||
| CVE-2018-7051 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in Irssi before 1.0.7 and 1.1.x before 1.1.1. Certain nick names could result in out-of-bounds access when printing theme strings. | |||
| CVE-2018-11383 | high | — | 8.0 | — | The r_strbuf_fini() function in radare2 2.5.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid free and application crash) via a crafted ELF file because of an uninitialized variable in … | |||
| CVE-2018-20030 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An error when processing the EXIF_IFD_INTEROPERABILITY and EXIF_IFD_EXIF tags within libexif version 0.6.21 can be exploited to exhaust available CPU resources. | |||
| CVE-2018-16152 | high | — | 8.0 | — | In verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c in the gmp plugin in strongSwan 4.x and 5.x before 5.7.0, the RSA implementation based on GMP does not reject excess data in the digestAlgorit… | |||
| CVE-2018-14359 | high | — | 8.0 | — | An issue was discovered in Mutt before 1.10.1 and NeoMutt before 2018-07-16. They have a buffer overflow via base64 data. | |||
| CVE-2018-11382 | high | — | 8.0 | — | The _inst__sts() function in radare2 2.5.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a crafted binary file. | |||
| CVE-2018-11380 | high | — | 8.0 | — | The parse_import_ptr() function in radare2 2.5.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a crafted Mach-O file. |