CVEs from 2022
Total
5,244
critical
critical 92
high
high 1,233
medium
medium 961
low
low 24
% Critical
1.8%
% with KEV
2.5%
% with exploit
3.4%
Top vendors
- oracle 616
- netapp 438
- microsoft 165
- omron 109
- azul 82
- schneider-electric 33
- mitsubishielectric 32
- siemens 10
Top products
- jdk 116
- jre 109
- openjdk 100
- zulu 82
- graalvm 74
- cloud_secure_agent 35
- oncommand_insight 34
- cloud_insights_acquisition_unit 34
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | Risk | Flags | OS | Vendor | Published | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2022-27191 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7469: container-tools:4.0 security and bug fix update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-49413 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bfq: Update cgroup information before merging bio When the process is migrated to a different cgroup (or in case of writeback jus… | |||
| CVE-2022-49426 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/arm-smmu-v3-sva: Fix mm use-after-free We currently call arm64_mm_context_put() without holding a reference to the mm, whic… | |||
| CVE-2022-29162 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7469: container-tools:4.0 security and bug fix update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-25308 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7514: fribidi security update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-21673 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7519: grafana security, bug fix, and enhancement update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-21713 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7519: grafana security, bug fix, and enhancement update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-25309 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7514: fribidi security update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-32189 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2023:2802: container-tools:4.0 security and bug fix update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-49398 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: dwc3: gadget: Replace list_for_each_entry_safe() if using giveback The list_for_each_entry_safe() macro saves the current it… | |||
| CVE-2022-49664 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tipc: move bc link creation back to tipc_node_create Shuang Li reported a NULL pointer dereference crash: [] BUG: kernel NULL … | |||
| CVE-2022-21702 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7519: grafana security, bug fix, and enhancement update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-49325 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tcp: add accessors to read/set tp->snd_cwnd We had various bugs over the years with code breaking the assumption that tp->snd_cwn… | |||
| CVE-2022-49673 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm raid: fix KASAN warning in raid5_add_disks There's a KASAN warning in raid5_add_disk when running the LVM testsuite. The warni… | |||
| CVE-2022-50092 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm thin: fix use-after-free crash in dm_sm_register_threshold_callback Fault inject on pool metadata device reports: BUG: KASAN… | |||
| CVE-2022-49615 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: rt711-sdca: fix kernel NULL pointer dereference when IO error The initial settings will be written before the codec probe f… | |||
| CVE-2022-49175 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PM: core: keep irq flags in device_pm_check_callbacks() The function device_pm_check_callbacks() can be called under the spin loc… | |||
| CVE-2022-49378 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sfc: fix considering that all channels have TX queues Normally, all channels have RX and TX queues, but this is not true if modpa… | |||
| CVE-2022-49671 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/cm: Fix memory leak in ib_cm_insert_listen cm_alloc_id_priv() allocates resource for the cm_id_priv. When cm_init_listen() f… | |||
| CVE-2022-49543 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ath11k: fix the warning of dev_wake in mhi_pm_disable_transition() When test device recovery with below command, it has warning i… | |||
| CVE-2022-50212 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: nf_tables: do not allow CHAIN_ID to refer to another table When doing lookups for chains on the same batch by using it… | |||
| CVE-2022-49538 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: jack: Access input_dev under mutex It is possible when using ASoC that input_dev is unregistered while calling snd_jack_rep… | |||
| CVE-2022-50030 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: lpfc: Prevent buffer overflow crashes in debugfs with malformed user input Malformed user input to debugfs results in buffe… | |||
| CVE-2022-49537 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: lpfc: Fix call trace observed during I/O with CMF enabled The following was seen with CMF enabled: BUG: using smp_processo… | |||
| CVE-2022-49374 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tipc: check attribute length for bearer name syzbot reported uninit-value: ===================================================== … | |||
| CVE-2022-49669 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: fix race on unaccepted mptcp sockets When the listener socket owning the relevant request is closed, it frees the unaccept… | |||
| CVE-2022-49536 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: lpfc: Fix SCSI I/O completion and abort handler deadlock During stress I/O tests with 500+ vports, hard LOCKUP call traces … | |||
| CVE-2022-49404 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/hfi1: Fix potential integer multiplication overflow errors When multiplying of different types, an overflow is possible even… | |||
| CVE-2022-49584 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ixgbe: Add locking to prevent panic when setting sriov_numvfs to zero It is possible to disable VFs while the PF driver is proces… | |||
| CVE-2022-49708 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: fix bug_on ext4_mb_use_inode_pa Hulk Robot reported a BUG_ON: =============================================================… | |||
| CVE-2022-49394 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: blk-iolatency: Fix inflight count imbalances and IO hangs on offline iolatency needs to track the number of inflight IOs per cgro… | |||
| CVE-2022-49389 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: usbip: fix a refcount leak in stub_probe() usb_get_dev() is called in stub_device_alloc(). When stub_probe() fails after tha… | |||
| CVE-2022-49306 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: dwc3: host: Stop setting the ACPI companion It is no longer needed. The sysdev pointer is now used when assigning the ACPI c… | |||
| CVE-2022-49534 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: lpfc: Protect memory leak for NPIV ports sending PLOGI_RJT There is a potential memory leak in lpfc_ignore_els_cmpl() and l… | |||
| CVE-2022-49288 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: pcm: Fix races among concurrent prealloc proc writes We have no protection against concurrent PCM buffer preallocation chan… | |||
| CVE-2022-49698 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: use get_random_u32 instead of prandom bh might occur while updating per-cpu rnd_state from user context, ie. local_out… | |||
| CVE-2022-49348 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: filter out EXT4_FC_REPLAY from on-disk superblock field s_state The EXT4_FC_REPLAY bit in sbi->s_mount_state is used to ind… | |||
| CVE-2022-50115 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: SOF: ipc3-topology: Prevent double freeing of ipc_control_data via load_bytes We have sanity checks for byte controls and i… | |||
| CVE-2022-49697 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix request_sock leak in sk lookup helpers A customer reported a request_socket leak in a Calico cloud environment. We found… | |||
| CVE-2022-49343 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: avoid cycles in directory h-tree A maliciously corrupted filesystem can contain cycles in the h-tree stored inside a direct… | |||
| CVE-2022-49695 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: igb: fix a use-after-free issue in igb_clean_tx_ring Fix the following use-after-free bug in igb_clean_tx_ring routine when the N… | |||
| CVE-2022-49340 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ip_gre: test csum_start instead of transport header GRE with TUNNEL_CSUM will apply local checksum offload on CHECKSUM_PARTIAL pa… | |||
| CVE-2022-50084 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm raid: fix address sanitizer warning in raid_status There is this warning when using a kernel with the address sanitizer and ru… | |||
| CVE-2022-49292 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: oss: Fix PCM OSS buffer allocation overflow We've got syzbot reports hitting INT_MAX overflow at vmalloc() allocation that … | |||
| CVE-2022-49625 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sfc: fix kernel panic when creating VF When creating VFs a kernel panic can happen when calling to efx_ef10_try_update_nic_stats_… | |||
| CVE-2022-49270 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm: fix use-after-free in dm_cleanup_zoned_dev() dm_cleanup_zoned_dev() uses queue, so it must be called before blk_cleanup_disk(… | |||
| CVE-2022-49265 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PM: domains: Fix sleep-in-atomic bug caused by genpd_debug_remove() When a genpd with GENPD_FLAG_IRQ_SAFE gets removed, the follo… | |||
| CVE-2022-49259 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: block: don't delete queue kobject before its children kobjects aren't supposed to be deleted before their child kobjects are dele… | |||
| CVE-2022-50085 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm raid: fix address sanitizer warning in raid_resume There is a KASAN warning in raid_resume when running the lvm test lvconvert… | |||
| CVE-2022-1348 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | Moderate: logrotate security update | |||
| CVE-2022-49561 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: conntrack: re-fetch conntrack after insertion In case the conntrack is clashing, insertion can free skb->_nfct and set… | |||
| CVE-2022-48936 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2024:8870: kernel-rt security update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-30699 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7622: unbound security, bug fix, and enhancement update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-32990 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | Moderate: gimp security and enhancement update | |||
| CVE-2022-49334 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/huge_memory: Fix xarray node memory leak If xas_split_alloc() fails to allocate the necessary nodes to complete the xarray ent… | |||
| CVE-2022-25310 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7514: fribidi security update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-49332 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: lpfc: Address NULL pointer dereference after starget_to_rport() Calls to starget_to_rport() may return NULL. Add check for… | |||
| CVE-2022-32816 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | The issue was addressed with improved UI handling. This issue is fixed in watchOS 8.7, tvOS 15.6, iOS 15.6 and iPadOS 15.6, macOS Monterey 12.5. Visiting a website that frames malicious content may l… | |||
| CVE-2022-32792 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.6 and iPadOS 15.6, watchOS 8.7, tvOS 15.6, macOS Monterey 12.5, Safari 15.6. Processing malici… | |||
| CVE-2022-49557 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/fpu: KVM: Set the base guest FPU uABI size to sizeof(struct kvm_xsave) Set the starting uABI size of KVM's guest FPU to 'stru… | |||
| CVE-2022-30293 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In WebKitGTK through 2.36.0 (and WPE WebKit), there is a heap-based buffer overflow in WebCore::TextureMapperLayer::setContentsLayer in WebCore/platform/graphics/texmap/TextureMapperLayer.cpp. | |||
| CVE-2022-26719 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in tvOS 15.5, iOS 15.5 and iPadOS 15.5, watchOS 8.6, macOS Monterey 12.4, Safari 15.5. Processing malicious… | |||
| CVE-2022-26717 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in tvOS 15.5, watchOS 8.6, iOS 15.5 and iPadOS 15.5, macOS Monterey 12.4, Safari 15.5, iTunes 12.12.4 for Win… | |||
| CVE-2022-26716 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | A memory corruption issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in tvOS 15.5, iOS 15.5 and iPadOS 15.5, watchOS 8.6, macOS Monterey 12.4, Safari 15.5. Processing malicious… | |||
| CVE-2022-26125 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | Buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in FRRouting through 8.1.0 due to wrong checks on the input packet length in isisd/isis_tlvs.c. | |||
| CVE-2022-22624 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in macOS Monterey 12.3, iOS 15.4 and iPadOS 15.4, tvOS 15.4, Safari 15.4. Processing maliciously crafted web … | |||
| CVE-2022-22662 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | A cookie management issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in Security Update 2022-003 Catalina, macOS Big Sur 11.6.5. Processing maliciously crafted web content may … | |||
| CVE-2022-2319 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | A flaw was found in the Xorg-x11-server. An out-of-bounds access issue can occur in the ProcXkbSetGeometry function due to improper validation of the request length. | |||
| CVE-2022-30698 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7622: unbound security, bug fix, and enhancement update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-0561 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7585: libtiff security update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-0891 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7585: libtiff security update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-0934 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7633: dnsmasq security and bug fix update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-1328 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7640: mutt security update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-26710 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | A use after free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.5 and iPadOS 15.5, macOS Monterey 12.4, tvOS 15.5, watchOS 8.6. Processing maliciously crafted web … | |||
| CVE-2022-22629 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | A buffer overflow issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Monterey 12.3, Safari 15.4, watchOS 8.5, iTunes 12.12.3 for Windows, iOS 15.4 and iPadOS 15.4, tvOS 1… | |||
| CVE-2022-49710 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm mirror log: round up region bitmap size to BITS_PER_LONG The code in dm-log rounds up bitset_size to 32 bits. It then uses fin… | |||
| CVE-2022-49559 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86: Drop WARNs that assert a triple fault never "escapes" from L2 Remove WARNs that sanity check that KVM never lets a trip… | |||
| CVE-2022-49606 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/irdma: Fix sleep from invalid context BUG Taking the qos_mutex to process RoCEv2 QP's on netdev events causes a kernel splat… | |||
| CVE-2022-49707 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: add reserved GDT blocks check We capture a NULL pointer issue when resizing a corrupt ext4 image which is freshly clear res… | |||
| CVE-2022-50027 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: lpfc: Fix possible memory leak when failing to issue CMF WQE There is no corresponding free routine if lpfc_sli4_issue_wqe … | |||
| CVE-2022-49626 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sfc: fix use after free when disabling sriov Use after free is detected by kfence when disabling sriov. What was read after being… | |||
| CVE-2022-49158 | medium | 5.5 | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: qla2xxx: Fix warning message due to adisc being flushed Fix warning message due to adisc being flushed. Linux kernel trigg… | |||
| CVE-2022-49156 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: qla2xxx: Fix scheduling while atomic The driver makes a call into midlayer (fc_remote_port_delete) which can put the thread… | |||
| CVE-2022-25255 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In Qt 5.9.x through 5.15.x before 5.15.9 and 6.x before 6.2.4 on Linux and UNIX, QProcess could execute a binary from the current working directory when not found in the PATH. | |||
| CVE-2022-49153 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wireguard: socket: free skb in send6 when ipv6 is disabled I got a memory leak report: unreferenced object 0xffff8881191fc040 (s… | |||
| CVE-2022-49440 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: powerpc/rtas: Keep MSR[RI] set when calling RTAS RTAS runs in real mode (MSR[DR] and MSR[IR] unset) and in 32-bit big endian mode… | |||
| CVE-2022-49152 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: XArray: Fix xas_create_range() when multi-order entry present If there is already an entry present that is of order >= XA_CHUNK_S… | |||
| CVE-2022-49412 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bfq: Avoid merging queues with different parents It can happen that the parent of a bfqq changes between the moment we decide two… | |||
| CVE-2022-49411 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bfq: Make sure bfqg for which we are queueing requests is online Bios queued into BFQ IO scheduler can be associated with a cgrou… | |||
| CVE-2022-49349 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: fix use-after-free in ext4_rename_dir_prepare We got issue as follows: EXT4-fs (loop0): mounted filesystem without journal.… | |||
| CVE-2022-49272 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: pcm: Fix potential AB/BA lock with buffer_mutex and mmap_lock syzbot caught a potential deadlock between the PCM runtime->b… | |||
| CVE-2022-49247 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: stk1160: If start stream fails, return buffers with VB2_BUF_STATE_QUEUED If the callback 'start_streaming' fails, then all… | |||
| CVE-2022-49147 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: block: Fix the maximum minor value is blk_alloc_ext_minor() ida_alloc_range(..., min, max, ...) returns values from min to max, i… | |||
| CVE-2022-49145 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ACPI: CPPC: Avoid out of bounds access when parsing _CPC data If the NumEntries field in the _CPC return package is less than 2, … | |||
| CVE-2022-49142 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: preserve skb_end_offset() in skb_unclone_keeptruesize() syzbot found another way to trigger the infamous WARN_ON_ONCE(delta … | |||
| CVE-2022-49130 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ath11k: mhi: use mhi_sync_power_up() If amss.bin was missing ath11k would crash during 'rmmod ath11k_pci'. The reason for that wa… | |||
| CVE-2022-32746 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | RHSA-2022:7730: libldb security, bug fix, and enhancement update (Moderate) | |||
| CVE-2022-49129 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mt76: mt7921: fix crash when startup fails. If the nic fails to start, it is possible that the reset_work has already been schedu… | |||
| CVE-2022-49123 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ath11k: Fix frames flush failure caused by deadlock We are seeing below warnings: kernel: [25393.301506] ath11k_pci 0000:01:00.0… | |||
| CVE-2022-49122 | medium | — | 5.5 | 4y ago | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm ioctl: prevent potential spectre v1 gadget It appears like cmd could be a Spectre v1 gadget as it's supplied by a user and use… |