CVEs from 2023
Total
6,100
critical
critical 240
high
high 1,530
medium
medium 1,393
low
low 32
% Critical
3.9%
% with KEV
2.7%
% with exploit
3.5%
Top products
- office 29
- office_long_term_servicing_channel 15
- 365_apps 14
- ftmg-esr50sxx 8
- ftmg-esn40sxx 8
- ftmg-esd25axx 8
- ftmg-esr40sxx 8
- ftmg-esd15axx 8
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | Risk | Flags | OS | Vendor | Published | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2023-52452 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix accesses to uninit stack slots Privileged programs are supposed to be able to read uninitialized stack memory (ever sinc… | |||
| CVE-2023-53240 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xsk: check IFF_UP earlier in Tx path Xsk Tx can be triggered via either sendmsg() or poll() syscalls. These two paths share a cal… | |||
| CVE-2023-25076 | unknown | — | — | — | A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the handling of wildcard backend hosts of SNIProxy 0.6.0-2 and the master branch (commit: 822bb80df9b7b345cc9eba55df74a07b498819ba). A specially crafted HTTP… | |||
| CVE-2023-53836 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, sockmap: Fix skb refcnt race after locking changes There is a race where skb's from the sk_psock_backlog can be referenced a… | |||
| CVE-2023-54219 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Revert "IB/isert: Fix incorrect release of isert connection" Commit: 699826f4e30a ("IB/isert: Fix incorrect release of isert conn… | |||
| CVE-2023-53312 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: fix net_dev_start_xmit trace event vs skb_transport_offset() After blamed commit, we must be more careful about using skb_tr… | |||
| CVE-2023-53348 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix deadlock when aborting transaction during relocation with scrub Before relocating a block group we pause scrub, then d… | |||
| CVE-2023-53388 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/mediatek: Clean dangling pointer on bind error path mtk_drm_bind() can fail, in which case drm_dev_put() is called, destroyin… | |||
| CVE-2023-53509 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: qed: allow sleep in qed_mcp_trace_dump() By default, qed_mcp_cmd_and_union() delays 10us at a time in a loop that can run 500K ti… | |||
| CVE-2023-53548 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: usbnet: Fix WARNING in usbnet_start_xmit/usb_submit_urb The syzbot fuzzer identified a problem in the usbnet driver: usb 1-… | |||
| CVE-2023-53551 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: gadget: u_serial: Add null pointer check in gserial_resume Consider a case where gserial_disconnect has already cleared gser… | |||
| CVE-2023-53560 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing/histograms: Add histograms to hist_vars if they have referenced variables Hist triggers can have referenced variables wit… | |||
| CVE-2023-53562 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/msm: fix vram leak on bind errors Make sure to release the VRAM buffer also in a case a subcomponent fails to bind. Patchwor… | |||
| CVE-2023-53569 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext2: Check block size validity during mount Check that log of block size stored in the superblock has sensible value. Otherwise … | |||
| CVE-2023-53573 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: rs9: Fix suspend/resume Disabling the cache in commit 2ff4ba9e3702 ("clk: rs9: Fix I2C accessors") without removing cache sy… | |||
| CVE-2023-53587 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ring-buffer: Sync IRQ works before buffer destruction If something was written to the buffer just before destruction, it may be p… | |||
| CVE-2023-53589 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: mvm: don't trust firmware n_channels If the firmware sends us a corrupted MCC response with n_channels much larger… | |||
| CVE-2023-53601 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bonding: do not assume skb mac_header is set Drivers must not assume in their ndo_start_xmit() that skbs have their mac_header se… | |||
| CVE-2023-53604 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dm integrity: call kmem_cache_destroy() in dm_integrity_init() error path Otherwise the journal_io_cache will leak if dm_register… | |||
| CVE-2023-53608 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nilfs2: fix potential UAF of struct nilfs_sc_info in nilfs_segctor_thread() The finalization of nilfs_segctor_thread() can race w… | |||
| CVE-2023-53627 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: hisi_sas: Grab sas_dev lock when traversing the members of sas_dev.list When freeing slots in function slot_complete_v3_hw(… | |||
| CVE-2023-53633 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: accel/qaic: Fix a leak in map_user_pages() If get_user_pages_fast() allocates some pages but not as many as we wanted, then the c… | |||
| CVE-2023-53636 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: microchip: fix potential UAF in auxdev release callback Similar to commit 1c11289b34ab ("peci: cpu: Fix use-after-free in ad… | |||
| CVE-2023-53642 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86: fix clear_user_rep_good() exception handling annotation This code no longer exists in mainline, because it was removed in co… | |||
| CVE-2023-53644 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: radio-shark: Add endpoint checks The syzbot fuzzer was able to provoke a WARNING from the radio-shark2 driver: ----------… | |||
| CVE-2023-53650 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fbdev: omapfb: lcd_mipid: Fix an error handling path in mipid_spi_probe() If 'mipid_detect()' fails, we must free 'md' to avoid a… | |||
| CVE-2023-53658 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: bcm-qspi: return error if neither hif_mspi nor mspi is available If neither a "hif_mspi" nor "mspi" resource is present, the… | |||
| CVE-2023-53668 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ring-buffer: Fix deadloop issue on reading trace_pipe Soft lockup occurs when reading file 'trace_pipe': watchdog: BUG: soft l… | |||
| CVE-2023-53672 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: output extra debug info if we failed to find an inline backref [BUG] Syzbot reported several warning triggered inside look… | |||
| CVE-2023-53693 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: USB: gadget: Fix the memory leak in raw_gadget driver Currently, increasing raw_dev->count happens before invoke the raw_queue_ev… | |||
| CVE-2023-53694 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: riscv: ftrace: Fixup panic by disabling preemption In RISCV, we must use an AUIPC + JALR pair to encode an immediate, forming a j… | |||
| CVE-2023-53707 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu: Fix integer overflow in amdgpu_cs_pass1 The type of size is unsigned int, if size is 0x40000000, there will be an int… | |||
| CVE-2023-53712 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ARM: 9317/1: kexec: Make smp stop calls asynchronous If a panic is triggered by a hrtimer interrupt all online cpus will be notif… | |||
| CVE-2023-53725 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clocksource/drivers/cadence-ttc: Fix memory leak in ttc_timer_probe Smatch reports: drivers/clocksource/timer-cadence-ttc.c:529 t… | |||
| CVE-2023-53759 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: hidraw: fix data race on device refcount The hidraw_open() function increments the hidraw device reference counter. The coun… | |||
| CVE-2023-53733 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: sched: cls_u32: Undo tcf_bind_filter if u32_replace_hw_knode When u32_replace_hw_knode fails, we need to undo the tcf_bind_f… | |||
| CVE-2023-53758 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: spi: atmel-quadspi: Free resources even if runtime resume failed in .remove() An early error exit in atmel_qspi_remove() doesn't … | |||
| CVE-2023-53778 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: accel/qaic: Clean up integer overflow checking in map_user_pages() The encode_dma() function has some validation on in_trans->siz… | |||
| CVE-2023-53783 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: blk-iocost: fix divide by 0 error in calc_lcoefs() echo max of u64 to cost.model can cause divide by 0 error. # echo 8:0 rbps=… | |||
| CVE-2023-5972 | unknown | — | — | — | A null pointer dereference flaw was found in the nft_inner.c functionality of netfilter in the Linux kernel. This issue could allow a local user to crash the system or escalate their privileges on th… | |||
| CVE-2023-6200 | unknown | — | — | — | A race condition was found in the Linux Kernel. Under certain conditions, an unauthenticated attacker from an adjacent network could send an ICMPv6 router advertisement packet, causing arbitrary code… | |||
| CVE-2023-6270 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the ATA over Ethernet (AoE) driver in the Linux kernel. The aoecmd_cfg_pkts() function improperly updates the refcnt on `struct net_device`, and a use-after-free can be triggered … | |||
| CVE-2023-1605 | unknown | — | — | — | Denial of Service in GitHub repository radareorg/radare2 prior to 5.8.6. | |||
| CVE-2023-46570 | unknown | — | — | — | An out-of-bounds read in radare2 v.5.8.9 and before exists in the print_insn32 function of libr/arch/p/nds32/nds32-dis.h. | |||
| CVE-2023-4322 | unknown | — | — | — | Heap-based Buffer Overflow in GitHub repository radareorg/radare2 prior to 5.9.0. | |||
| CVE-2023-38060 | unknown | — | — | — | Improper Input Validation vulnerability in the ContentType parameter for attachments on TicketCreate or TicketUpdate operations of the OTRS Generic Interface modules allows any authenticated attacke… | |||
| CVE-2023-1990 | unknown | — | — | — | A use-after-free flaw was found in ndlc_remove in drivers/nfc/st-nci/ndlc.c in the Linux Kernel. This flaw could allow an attacker to crash the system due to a race problem. | |||
| CVE-2023-2007 | unknown | — | — | — | The specific flaw exists within the DPT I2O Controller driver. The issue results from the lack of proper locking when performing operations on an object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction … | |||
| CVE-2023-2019 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's netdevsim device driver, within the scheduling of events. This issue results from the improper management of a reference count. This may allow an attacker to cr… | |||
| CVE-2023-20941 | unknown | — | — | — | In acc_ctrlrequest_composite of f_accessory.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to physical escalation of privilege with no additional execution … | |||
| CVE-2023-31085 | unknown | — | — | — | An issue was discovered in drivers/mtd/ubi/cdev.c in the Linux kernel 6.2. There is a divide-by-zero error in do_div(sz,mtd->erasesize), used indirectly by ctrl_cdev_ioctl, when mtd->erasesize is 0. | |||
| CVE-2023-32253 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in the Linux kernel's ksmbd component. A deadlock is triggered by sending multiple concurrent session setup requests, possibly leading to a denial of service. | |||
| CVE-2023-3312 | unknown | — | — | — | A vulnerability was found in drivers/cpufreq/qcom-cpufreq-hw.c in cpufreq subsystem in the Linux Kernel. This flaw, during device unbind will lead to double release problem leading to denial of servi… | |||
| CVE-2023-32269 | unknown | — | — | — | An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel before 6.1.11. In net/netrom/af_netrom.c, there is a use-after-free because accept is also allowed for a successfully connected AF_NETROM socket. However, … | |||
| CVE-2023-39197 | unknown | — | — | — | An out-of-bounds read vulnerability was found in Netfilter Connection Tracking (conntrack) in the Linux kernel. This flaw allows a remote user to disclose sensitive information via the DCCP protocol. | |||
| CVE-2023-0128 | unknown | — | — | — | Use after free in Overview Mode in Google Chrome on Chrome OS prior to 109.0.5414.74 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI interactions to potentially exploit heap c… | |||
| CVE-2023-0129 | unknown | — | — | — | Heap buffer overflow in Network Service in Google Chrome prior to 109.0.5414.74 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via a … | |||
| CVE-2023-0130 | unknown | — | — | — | Inappropriate implementation in in Fullscreen API in Google Chrome on Android prior to 109.0.5414.74 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via a crafted HTML page. … | |||
| CVE-2023-0131 | unknown | — | — | — | Inappropriate implementation in in iframe Sandbox in Google Chrome prior to 109.0.5414.74 allowed a remote attacker to bypass file download restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security se… | |||
| CVE-2023-0134 | unknown | — | — | — | Use after free in Cart in Google Chrome prior to 109.0.5414.74 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via database corruption… | |||
| CVE-2023-0132 | unknown | — | — | — | Inappropriate implementation in in Permission prompts in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 109.0.5414.74 allowed a remote attacker to force acceptance of a permission prompt via a crafted HTML page. … | |||
| CVE-2023-0133 | unknown | — | — | — | Inappropriate implementation in in Permission prompts in Google Chrome on Android prior to 109.0.5414.74 allowed a remote attacker to bypass main origin permission delegation via a crafted HTML page.… | |||
| CVE-2023-0135 | unknown | — | — | — | Use after free in Cart in Google Chrome prior to 109.0.5414.74 allowed an attacker who convinced a user to install a malicious extension to potentially exploit heap corruption via database corruption… | |||
| CVE-2023-4394 | unknown | — | — | — | A use-after-free flaw was found in btrfs_get_dev_args_from_path in fs/btrfs/volumes.c in btrfs file-system in the Linux Kernel. This flaw allows a local attacker with special privileges to cause a sy… | |||
| CVE-2023-0136 | unknown | — | — | — | Inappropriate implementation in in Fullscreen API in Google Chrome on Android prior to 109.0.5414.74 allowed a remote attacker to execute incorrect security UI via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium secu… | |||
| CVE-2023-0138 | unknown | — | — | — | Heap buffer overflow in libphonenumber in Google Chrome prior to 109.0.5414.74 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: L… | |||
| CVE-2023-52523 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, sockmap: Reject sk_msg egress redirects to non-TCP sockets With a SOCKMAP/SOCKHASH map and an sk_msg program user can steer … | |||
| CVE-2023-6706 | unknown | — | — | — | Use after free in FedCM in Google Chrome prior to 120.0.6099.109 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI interaction to potentially exploit heap corruption via a craft… | |||
| CVE-2023-6707 | unknown | — | — | — | Use after free in CSS in Google Chrome prior to 120.0.6099.109 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium) | |||
| CVE-2023-7010 | unknown | — | — | — | Use after free in WebRTC in Google Chrome prior to 117.0.5938.62 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High) | |||
| CVE-2023-52525 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mwifiex: Fix oob check condition in mwifiex_process_rx_packet Only skip the code path trying to access the rfc1042 headers … | |||
| CVE-2023-7261 | unknown | — | — | — | Inappropriate implementation in Google Updator prior to 1.3.36.351 in Google Chrome allowed a local attacker to perform privilege escalation via a malicious file. (Chromium security severity: High) | |||
| CVE-2023-52526 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: erofs: fix memory leak of LZMA global compressed deduplication When stressing microLZMA EROFS images with the new global compress… | |||
| CVE-2023-7281 | unknown | — | — | — | Inappropriate implementation in Compositing in Google Chrome prior to 119.0.6045.105 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium) | |||
| CVE-2023-7282 | unknown | — | — | — | Inappropriate implementation in Navigation in Google Chrome prior to 113.0.5672.63 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to perform domain spoofing via a cr… | |||
| CVE-2023-52531 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: iwlwifi: mvm: Fix a memory corruption issue A few lines above, space is kzalloc()'ed for: sizeof(struct iwl_nvm_data) + s… | |||
| CVE-2023-52559 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/vt-d: Avoid memory allocation in iommu_suspend() The iommu_suspend() syscore suspend callback is invoked with IRQ disabled.… | |||
| CVE-2023-52568 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/sgx: Resolves SECS reclaim vs. page fault for EAUG race The SGX EPC reclaimer (ksgxd) may reclaim the SECS EPC page for an en… | |||
| CVE-2023-52569 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: remove BUG() after failure to insert delayed dir index item Instead of calling BUG() when we fail to insert a delayed dir … | |||
| CVE-2023-52587 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: IB/ipoib: Fix mcast list locking Releasing the `priv->lock` while iterating the `priv->multicast_list` in `ipoib_mcast_join_task(… | |||
| CVE-2023-52673 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amd/display: Fix a debugfs null pointer error [WHY & HOW] Check whether get_subvp_en() callback exists before calling it. | |||
| CVE-2023-52776 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: ath12k: fix dfs-radar and temperature event locking The ath12k active pdevs are protected by RCU but the DFS-radar and temp… | |||
| CVE-2023-52783 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: wangxun: fix kernel panic due to null pointer When the device uses a custom subsystem vendor ID, the function wx_sw_init() r… | |||
| CVE-2023-52785 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: ufs: core: Fix racing issue between ufshcd_mcq_abort() and ISR If command timeout happens and cq complete IRQ is raised at … | |||
| CVE-2023-52789 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tty: vcc: Add check for kstrdup() in vcc_probe() Add check for the return value of kstrdup() and return the error, if it fails in… | |||
| CVE-2023-52852 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: f2fs: compress: fix to avoid use-after-free on dic Call trace: __memcpy+0x128/0x250 f2fs_read_multi_pages+0x940/0xf7c f2fs_mpa… | |||
| CVE-2023-52856 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/bridge: lt8912b: Fix crash on bridge detach The lt8912b driver, in its bridge detach function, calls drm_connector_unregister… | |||
| CVE-2023-52858 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: mediatek: clk-mt7629: Add check for mtk_alloc_clk_data Add the check for the return value of mtk_alloc_clk_data() in order t… | |||
| CVE-2023-52860 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drivers/perf: hisi: use cpuhp_state_remove_instance_nocalls() for hisi_hns3_pmu uninit process When tearing down a 'hisi_hns3' PM… | |||
| CVE-2023-52861 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm: bridge: it66121: Fix invalid connector dereference Fix the NULL pointer dereference when no monitor is connected, and the so… | |||
| CVE-2023-52908 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu: Fix potential NULL dereference Fix potential NULL dereference, in the case when "man", the resource manager might be … | |||
| CVE-2023-52915 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: dvb-usb-v2: af9035: Fix null-ptr-deref in af9035_i2c_master_xfer In af9035_i2c_master_xfer, msg is controlled by user. Whe… | |||
| CVE-2023-52911 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/msm: another fix for the headless Adreno GPU Fix another oops reproducible when rebooting the board with the Adreno GPU worki… | |||
| CVE-2023-52916 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: aspeed: Fix memory overwrite if timing is 1600x900 When capturing 1600x900, system could crash when system memory usage is… | |||
| CVE-2023-52919 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfc: nci: fix possible NULL pointer dereference in send_acknowledge() Handle memory allocation failure from nci_skb_alloc() (call… | |||
| CVE-2023-52929 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvmem: core: fix cleanup after dev_set_name() If dev_set_name() fails, we leak nvmem->wp_gpio as the cleanup does not put this. W… | |||
| CVE-2023-52930 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/i915: Fix potential bit_17 double-free A userspace with multiple threads racing I915_GEM_SET_TILING to set the tiling to I915… | |||
| CVE-2023-53000 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netlink: prevent potential spectre v1 gadgets Most netlink attributes are parsed and validated from __nla_validate_parse() or val… | |||
| CVE-2023-53007 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing: Make sure trace_printk() can output as soon as it can be used Currently trace_printk() can be used as soon as early_trac… | |||
| CVE-2023-53005 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: trace_events_hist: add check for return value of 'create_hist_field' Function 'create_hist_field' is called recursively at trace_… |