CVEs from 2025
Total
8,971
critical
critical 1,368
high
high 2,067
medium
medium 2,068
low
low 204
% Critical
15.2%
% with KEV
2.0%
% with exploit
2.8%
Top vendors
- qualcomm 1,123
- fabian 285
- campcodes 232
- phpgurukul 189
- code-projects 121
- redhat 110
- microsoft 107
- portabilis 94
Top products
- i-educar 80
- office_long_term_servicing_channel 35
- office 34
- best_salon_management_system 33
- apartment_management_system 30
- gcp 29
- inventory_management_system 28
- online_learning_management_system 21
Top packages
- Go/github.com/mattermost/mattermost/server/v8 258
- Go/github.com/mattermost/mattermost-server 249
- Packagist/magento/community-edition 231
- Packagist/moodle/moodle 162
- Go/github.com/mattermost/mattermost-server/v5 99
- Go/github.com/mattermost/mattermost-server/v6 99
- Maven/com.liferay.portal:release.dxp.bom 61
- Maven/org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core 53
| CVE | Severity | CVSS | Risk | Flags | OS | Vendor | Published | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2025-12910 | unknown | — | — | — | Inappropriate implementation in Passkeys in Google Chrome prior to 140.0.7339.80 allowed a local attacker to obtain potentially sensitive information via debug logs. (Chromium security severity: Low) | |||
| CVE-2025-13226 | unknown | — | — | — | Type Confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 142.0.7444.59 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High) | |||
| CVE-2025-13230 | unknown | — | — | — | Type Confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 142.0.7444.59 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High) | |||
| CVE-2025-13630 | unknown | — | — | — | Type Confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 143.0.7499.41 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High) | |||
| CVE-2025-1920 | unknown | — | — | — | Type Confusion in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 134.0.6998.88 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High) | |||
| CVE-2025-3031 | unknown | — | — | — | An attacker could read 32 bits of values spilled onto the stack in a JIT compiled function. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 137 and Thunderbird 137. | |||
| CVE-2025-68757 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/vgem-fence: Fix potential deadlock on release A timer that expires a vgem fence automatically in 10 seconds is now released w… | |||
| CVE-2025-10534 | unknown | — | — | — | Spoofing issue in the Site Permissions component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 143 and Thunderbird 143. | |||
| CVE-2025-11718 | unknown | — | — | — | When the address bar was hidden due to scrolling on Android, a malicious page could create a fake address bar to fool the user in response to a visibilitychange event. This vulnerability was fixed in… | |||
| CVE-2025-23108 | unknown | — | — | — | Opening Javascript links in a new tab via long-press in the Firefox iOS client could result in a malicious script spoofing the URL of the new tab. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox for iOS 134. | |||
| CVE-2025-14332 | unknown | — | — | — | Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 145 and Thunderbird 145. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited t… | |||
| CVE-2025-8042 | unknown | — | — | — | Firefox for Android allowed a sandboxed iframe without the `allow-downloads` attribute to start downloads. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 141. | |||
| CVE-2025-39989 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/mce: use is_copy_from_user() to determine copy-from-user context Patch series "mm/hwpoison: Fix regressions in memory failure… | |||
| CVE-2025-68199 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: codetag: debug: handle existing CODETAG_EMPTY in mark_objexts_empty for slabobj_ext When alloc_slab_obj_exts() fails and then lat… | |||
| CVE-2025-40037 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fbdev: simplefb: Fix use after free in simplefb_detach_genpds() The pm_domain cleanup can not be devres managed as it uses struct… | |||
| CVE-2025-71145 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: phy: isp1301: fix non-OF device reference imbalance A recent change fixing a device reference leak in a UDC driver introduce… | |||
| CVE-2025-8039 | unknown | — | — | — | In some cases search terms persisted in the URL bar even after navigating away from the search page. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 141, Firefox ESR 140.1, Thunderbird 141, and Thunderbird 1… | |||
| CVE-2025-38117 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: MGMT: Protect mgmt_pending list with its own lock This uses a mutex to protect from concurrent access of mgmt_pending … | |||
| CVE-2025-30346 | unknown | — | — | — | Varnish Cache before 7.6.2 and Varnish Enterprise before 6.0.13r10 allow client-side desync via HTTP/1 requests. | |||
| CVE-2025-14911 | unknown | — | — | — | User-controlled chunkSize metadata from MongoDB lacks appropriate validation allowing malformed GridFS metadata to overflow the bounding container. | |||
| CVE-2025-65502 | unknown | — | — | — | Null pointer dereference in add_ca_certs() in Cesanta Mongoose before 7.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via TLS initialization where SSL_CTX_get_cert_store() returns NULL. | |||
| CVE-2025-40238 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5: Fix IPsec cleanup over MPV device When we do mlx5e_detach_netdev() we eventually disable blocking events notifier, amon… | |||
| CVE-2025-21684 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: gpio: xilinx: Convert gpio_lock to raw spinlock irq_chip functions may be called in raw spinlock context. Therefore, we must also… | |||
| CVE-2025-38221 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: fix out of bounds punch offset Punching a hole with a start offset that exceeds max_end is not permitted and will result in… | |||
| CVE-2025-38237 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: platform: exynos4-is: Add hardware sync wait to fimc_is_hw_change_mode() In fimc_is_hw_change_mode(), the function changes… | |||
| CVE-2025-5641 | unknown | — | — | — | A vulnerability was found in Radare2 5.9.9. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects the function r_cons_is_breaked in the library /libr/cons/cons.c of the component radiff2. The manipula… | |||
| CVE-2025-21710 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tcp: correct handling of extreme memory squeeze Testing with iperf3 using the "pasta" protocol splicer has revealed a problem in … | |||
| CVE-2025-5265 | unknown | — | — | — | Due to insufficient escaping of the ampersand character in the “Copy as cURL” feature, an attacker could trick a user into using this command, potentially leading to local code execution on the user'… | |||
| CVE-2025-27837 | unknown | — | — | — | An issue was discovered in Artifex Ghostscript before 10.05.0. Access to arbitrary files can occur through a truncated path with invalid UTF-8 characters, for base/gp_mswin.c and base/winrtsup.cpp. | |||
| CVE-2025-68725 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Do not let BPF test infra emit invalid GSO types to stack Yinhao et al. reported that their fuzzer tool was able to trigger … | |||
| CVE-2025-21983 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/slab/kvfree_rcu: Switch to WQ_MEM_RECLAIM wq Currently kvfree_rcu() APIs use a system workqueue which is "system_unbound_wq" t… | |||
| CVE-2025-10859 | unknown | — | — | — | Cookie storage for non-HTML temporary documents was being shared incorrectly with normal browsing content, allowing information from private tabs to escape Incognito mode even after the user closed a… | |||
| CVE-2025-38203 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: jfs: Fix null-ptr-deref in jfs_ioc_trim [ Syzkaller Report ] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address … | |||
| CVE-2025-21658 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: avoid NULL pointer dereference if no valid extent tree [BUG] Syzbot reported a crash with the following call trace: BTR… | |||
| CVE-2025-49847 | unknown | — | — | — | llama.cpp is an inference of several LLM models in C/C++. Prior to version b5662, an attacker‐supplied GGUF model vocabulary can trigger a buffer overflow in llama.cpp’s vocabulary‐loading code. Spec… | |||
| CVE-2025-9732 | unknown | — | — | — | A vulnerability was identified in DCMTK up to 3.6.9. This affects an unknown function in the library dcmimage/include/dcmtk/dcmimage/diybrpxt.h of the component dcm2img. Such manipulation leads to me… | |||
| CVE-2025-40102 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: arm64: Prevent access to vCPU events before init Another day, another syzkaller bug. KVM erroneously allows userspace to pen… | |||
| CVE-2025-40222 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tty: serial: sh-sci: fix RSCI FIFO overrun handling The receive error handling code is shared between RSCI and all other SCIF por… | |||
| CVE-2025-60358 | unknown | — | — | — | radare2 v.5.9.8 and before contains a memory leak in the function _load_relocations. | |||
| CVE-2025-68232 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: veth: more robust handing of race to avoid txq getting stuck Commit dc82a33297fc ("veth: apply qdisc backpressure on full ptr_rin… | |||
| CVE-2025-12430 | unknown | — | — | — | Object lifecycle issue in Media in Google Chrome prior to 142.0.7444.59 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High) | |||
| CVE-2025-12434 | unknown | — | — | — | Race in Storage in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 142.0.7444.59 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Ch… | |||
| CVE-2025-12437 | unknown | — | — | — | Use after free in PageInfo in Google Chrome prior to 142.0.7444.59 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafte… | |||
| CVE-2025-71229 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: rtw88: Fix alignment fault in rtw_core_enable_beacon() rtw_core_enable_beacon() reads 4 bytes from an address that is not a… | |||
| CVE-2025-30093 | unknown | — | — | — | HTCondor 23.0.x before 23.0.22, 23.10.x before 23.10.22, 24.0.x before 24.0.6, and 24.6.x before 24.6.1 allows authenticated attackers to bypass authorization restrictions. | |||
| CVE-2025-12909 | unknown | — | — | — | Insufficient policy enforcement in Devtools in Google Chrome prior to 140.0.7339.80 allowed a remote attacker to leak cross-origin data via Devtools. (Chromium security severity: Low) | |||
| CVE-2025-13635 | unknown | — | — | — | Inappropriate implementation in Downloads in Google Chrome prior to 143.0.7499.41 allowed a local attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low) | |||
| CVE-2025-13634 | unknown | — | — | — | Inappropriate implementation in Downloads in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 143.0.7499.41 allowed a local attacker to bypass mark of the web via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: M… | |||
| CVE-2025-31500 | unknown | — | — | — | Best Practical RT (Request Tracker) 5.0 through 5.0.7 allows XSS via JavaScript injection in an Asset name. | |||
| CVE-2025-23109 | unknown | — | — | — | Long hostnames in URLs could be leveraged to obscure the actual host of the website or spoof the website address. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox for iOS 134. | |||
| CVE-2025-40054 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: f2fs: fix UAF issue in f2fs_merge_page_bio() As JY reported in bugzilla [1], Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at… | |||
| CVE-2025-52555 | unknown | — | — | — | Ceph is a distributed object, block, and file storage platform. In versions 17.2.7, 18.2.1 through 18.2.4, and 19.0.0 through 19.2.2, an unprivileged user can escalate to root privileges in a ceph-fu… | |||
| CVE-2025-66433 | unknown | — | — | — | HTCondor Access Point before 25.3.1 allows an authenticated user to impersonate other users on the local machine by submitting a batch job. This is fixed in 24.12.14, 25.0.3, and 25.3.1. The earliest… | |||
| CVE-2025-38165 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, sockmap: Fix panic when calling skb_linearize The panic can be reproduced by executing the command: ./bench sockmap -c 2 -p … | |||
| CVE-2025-26434 | unknown | — | — | — | In libxml2, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a buffer overflow. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not ne… | |||
| CVE-2025-23156 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: venus: hfi_parser: refactor hfi packet parsing logic words_count denotes the number of words in total payload, while data … | |||
| CVE-2025-40220 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fuse: fix livelock in synchronous file put from fuseblk workers I observed a hang when running generic/323 against a fuseblk serv… | |||
| CVE-2025-38016 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: bpf: abort dispatch if device destroyed The current HID bpf implementation assumes no output report/request will go through … | |||
| CVE-2025-2361 | unknown | — | — | — | A vulnerability was found in Mercurial SCM 4.5.3/71.19.145.211. It has been declared as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component Web Interface. The manipulation of the ar… | |||
| CVE-2025-21875 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: always handle address removal under msk socket lock Syzkaller reported a lockdep splat in the PM control path: WARNING:… | |||
| CVE-2025-37786 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: dsa: free routing table on probe failure If complete = true in dsa_tree_setup(), it means that we are the last switch of the… | |||
| CVE-2025-68178 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: blk-cgroup: fix possible deadlock while configuring policy Following deadlock can be triggered easily by lockdep: WARNING: possi… | |||
| CVE-2025-71065 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: f2fs: fix to avoid potential deadlock As Jiaming Zhang and syzbot reported, there is potential deadlock in f2fs as below: Chain … | |||
| CVE-2025-21970 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/mlx5: Bridge, fix the crash caused by LAG state check When removing LAG device from bridge, NETDEV_CHANGEUPPER event is trigg… | |||
| CVE-2025-9183 | unknown | — | — | — | Spoofing issue in the Address Bar component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 142 and Firefox ESR 140.2. | |||
| CVE-2025-37840 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mtd: rawnand: brcmnand: fix PM resume warning Fixed warning on PM resume as shown below caused due to uninitialized struct nand_o… | |||
| CVE-2025-21938 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mptcp: fix 'scheduling while atomic' in mptcp_pm_nl_append_new_local_addr If multiple connection requests attempt to create an im… | |||
| CVE-2025-40038 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: SVM: Skip fastpath emulation on VM-Exit if next RIP isn't valid Skip the WRMSR and HLT fastpaths in SVM's VM-Exit handler if… | |||
| CVE-2025-25474 | unknown | — | — | — | DCMTK v3.6.9+ DEV was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the component /dcmimgle/diinpxt.h. | |||
| CVE-2025-25475 | unknown | — | — | — | A NULL pointer dereference in the component /libsrc/dcrleccd.cc of DCMTK v3.6.9+ DEV allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted DICOM file. | |||
| CVE-2025-68306 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: btusb: mediatek: Fix kernel crash when releasing mtk iso interface When performing reset tests and encountering abnorm… | |||
| CVE-2025-37904 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix the inode leak in btrfs_iget() [BUG] There is a bug report that a syzbot reproducer can lead to the following busy ino… | |||
| CVE-2025-71134 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/page_alloc: change all pageblocks migrate type on coalescing When a page is freed it coalesces with a buddy into a higher orde… | |||
| CVE-2025-39722 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: crypto: caam - Prevent crash on suspend with iMX8QM / iMX8ULP Since the CAAM on these SoCs is managed by another ARM core, called… | |||
| CVE-2025-38334 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/sgx: Prevent attempts to reclaim poisoned pages TL;DR: SGX page reclaim touches the page to copy its contents to secondary st… | |||
| CVE-2025-68793 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amdgpu: fix a job->pasid access race in gpu recovery Avoid a possible UAF in GPU recovery due to a race between the sched tim… | |||
| CVE-2025-21737 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ceph: fix memory leak in ceph_mds_auth_match() We now free the temporary target path substring allocation on every possible branc… | |||
| CVE-2025-38196 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: io_uring/rsrc: validate buffer count with offset for cloning syzbot reports that it can trigger a WARN_ON() for kmalloc() attempt… | |||
| CVE-2025-24965 | unknown | — | — | — | crun is an open source OCI Container Runtime fully written in C. In affected versions A malicious container image could trick the krun handler into escaping the root filesystem, allowing file creatio… | |||
| CVE-2025-37950 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ocfs2: fix panic in failed foilio allocation commit 7e119cff9d0a ("ocfs2: convert w_pages to w_folios") and commit 9a5e08652dc4b … | |||
| CVE-2025-38506 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: Allow CPU to reschedule while setting per-page memory attributes When running an SEV-SNP guest with a sufficiently large amo… | |||
| CVE-2025-38389 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/i915/gt: Fix timeline left held on VMA alloc error The following error has been reported sporadically by CI when a test unbin… | |||
| CVE-2025-21730 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: rtw89: avoid to init mgnt_entry list twice when WoWLAN failed If WoWLAN failed in resume flow, the rtw89_ops_add_interface(… | |||
| CVE-2025-38078 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: pcm: Fix race of buffer access at PCM OSS layer The PCM OSS layer tries to clear the buffer with the silence data at initia… | |||
| CVE-2025-38032 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mr: consolidate the ipmr_can_free_table() checks. Guoyu Yin reported a splat in the ipmr netns cleanup path: WARNING: CPU: 2 PID… | |||
| CVE-2025-38346 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ftrace: Fix UAF when lookup kallsym after ftrace disabled The following issue happens with a buggy module: BUG: unable to handle… | |||
| CVE-2025-40349 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hfs: validate record offset in hfsplus_bmap_alloc hfsplus_bmap_alloc can trigger a crash if a record offset or length is larger t… | |||
| CVE-2025-13022 | unknown | — | — | — | Incorrect boundary conditions in the Graphics: WebGPU component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 145 and Thunderbird 145. | |||
| CVE-2025-13024 | unknown | — | — | — | JIT miscompilation in the JavaScript Engine: JIT component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 145 and Thunderbird 145. | |||
| CVE-2025-9187 | unknown | — | — | — | Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 141 and Thunderbird 141. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited t… | |||
| CVE-2025-8860 | unknown | — | — | — | A flaw was found in QEMU in the uefi-vars virtual device. When the guest writes to register UEFI_VARS_REG_BUFFER_SIZE, the .write callback `uefi_vars_write` is invoked. The function allocates a heap … | |||
| CVE-2025-68323 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: typec: ucsi: fix use-after-free caused by uec->work The delayed work uec->work is scheduled in gaokun_ucsi_probe() but never… | |||
| CVE-2025-6432 | unknown | — | — | — | When Multi-Account Containers was enabled, DNS requests could have bypassed a SOCKS proxy when the domain name was invalid or the SOCKS proxy was not responding. This vulnerability was fixed in Firef… | |||
| CVE-2025-40273 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: NFSD: free copynotify stateid in nfs4_free_ol_stateid() Typically copynotify stateid is freed either when parent's stateid is bei… | |||
| CVE-2025-4089 | unknown | — | — | — | Due to insufficient escaping of special characters in the "copy as cURL" feature, an attacker could trick a user into using this command, potentially leading to local code execution on the user's sys… | |||
| CVE-2025-13027 | unknown | — | — | — | Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 144 and Thunderbird 144. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort some of these could have been exploited t… | |||
| CVE-2025-71132 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smc91x: fix broken irq-context in PREEMPT_RT When smc91x.c is built with PREEMPT_RT, the following splat occurs in FVP_RevC: [ … | |||
| CVE-2025-24213 | unknown | — | — | — | This issue was addressed with improved handling of floats. This issue is fixed in Safari 18.5, iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5, iPadOS 17.7.7, macOS Sequoia 15.5, tvOS 18.5, visionOS 2.5, watchOS 11.5. A ty… | |||
| CVE-2025-21720 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: delete intermediate secpath entry in packet offload mode Packets handled by hardware have added secpath as a way to inform … | |||
| CVE-2025-38642 | unknown | — | — | — | In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: fix WARN_ON for monitor mode on some devices On devices without WANT_MONITOR_VIF (and probably without channel co… |